If either the TSS or WSS fails or malfunctions/becomes faulty, the ratio will be wrong which in return can cause problems like false speedometer readings and transmission slipping. The TCU also uses a ratio between the TSS and WSS which is used to determine when to change gears. The TCU uses this information to determine when a gear change should take place based in the various operating parameters. This sensor sends a varying frequency signal to the TCU to determine the current speed of the vehicle. Modern TCUs are so complex in their design and make calculations based on so many parameters that there are an indefinite amount of possible shift behaviours More modern designs share inputs or obtain information from an input to the ECU, whereas older designs often have their own dedicated inputs and sensors on the engine components. The typical modern TCU uses signals from engine sensors, automatic transmission sensors and from other electronic controllers to determine when and how to shift. On some applications, the TCU and the ECU are combined into a single unit as a powertrain control module (PCM). The immense range of programmability offered by a TCU allows the modern automatic transmission to be used with appropriate transmission characteristics for each application. The modern automatic transmission is now able to achieve better fuel economy, reduced engine emissions, greater shift system reliability, improved shift feel, improved shift speed and improved vehicle handling. The evolution of modern automatic transmission and the integration of electronic controls have allowed great progress in recent years. Transmission solenoids are a key component to these control units. Since then, development has been iterative and today designs exist from several stages of electronic automatic transmission control development. History Įlectronic automatic transmissions have been changing in design from purely hydromechanical controls to electronic controls since the late 1980s. A TCU in a modern automatic transmission generally uses sensors from the vehicle, as well as data provided by the engine control unit (ECU), to calculate how and when to change gears in the vehicle for optimum performance, fuel economy and shift quality. Similar systems are used in conjunction with various semi-automatic transmissions, purely for clutch automation and actuation. ( Learn how and when to remove this template message)Ī transmission control unit ( TCU), also known as a transmission control module ( TCM), or a gearbox control unit ( GCU), is a type of automotive ECU that is used to control electronic automatic transmissions. Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article. This article's lead section may be too short to adequately summarize the key points.
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